How the math works
Risers = total rise ÷ 7.75, rounded up.Riser height = total rise ÷ risers.Treads = risers − 1.Total run = treads × tread depth.Stringer length = √(rise² + run²).
Trade pro tips
- Rise is measured finished floor to finished floor.
- Variation between risers may not exceed 3/8" (IRC).
Frequently asked questions
How do you calculate stair stringers?
Divide total rise by 7.75" and round up for the riser count; divide the rise by that count for riser height; treads = risers − 1; run = treads × tread depth.
What is the code for stair risers and treads?
IRC R311.7.5: max riser 7-3/4", min tread 10" (with nosing), and no more than 3/8" variation between steps.
How many stringers do I need?
Three for a 36" wide stair; add one for every additional 16"–18" of width.
What lumber is used for stair stringers?
Pressure-treated 2x12 for exterior/deck stairs; kiln-dried 2x12 for interior. After cutting, at least 3-1/2" of solid wood should remain below the notches.